Types of Carpet
The carpet market is a vast market, with many types
to choose from. Below, you'll find the several
different types of carpet and what they will offer
you and your home.
Woven
Woven carpet is produced on a loom that is very
similar to woven cloth, being cut pile. There
are many different colored yarns being used and the
entire process is capable of producing very intricate
patterns from designs that are pre-determined.
Normally, woven is the highest quality of carpet
on the market.
Tufted
This type of carpet is produced on a tufting machine
by using either a single colored or sometimes a
non colored yarn. If non colored is being used,
then the carpet will be dyed or printed with a
design as a separate process. Carpets that are
tufted can either be cut pile, loop pile, or a
combination of both. Machines can produce a lot
more meters of carpet than weaving, and they are
normally at the lower end of the market.
Needlefelt
The needlefelt type of carpet is a bit more
technologically advanced. They are produced by
electrostatic attraction of individual fibers
that form a unique carpet with extremely high
durability. You can normally find needlefelt
carpet in the contract market such as in hotels
or other places where there is always going to be
a lot of traffic.
Flatweave
The flatweave carpet is created by interlocking
warp and weft threads. The types of oriental
flatwoven carpet include soumak, plain weave,
and tapestry weave. This type is not well known
in the North American region, although it is
very popular in the orient and Japan.
Hooked rug
This is a simple construction of rug that is
handmade by pulling strips of cloth such as
wool or cotton through the meshes of a very
sturdy fabric. Now, this type of rug is generally
known as a handicraft.
Knotted pile
With knotted pile carpets, the structural weft
threads will alternate with a supplementary
weft that will rise from the surface of the
weave at a perpendicular angle.
Cut and loop piles
The cut and loop pile combines both looped and
cut fibers. They provide a variety of
surface textures for medium durability. Cut
and loop carpets are available in either solid
or different colors. The several different layers
in this carpet can hide dirt and footprints in
formal and informal areas.
Saxony
Saxony consists of tightly twisted cut piles
that are heat set straight. They consist of
two or more fibers that have been twisted
together in a yarn, and they provide a very
soft texture for informal as well as formal
areas. They will show each and every footprint
and even marks from vacuum cleaners.
Textured saxony
Textured carpet is the best selling and it
works well in informal areas due to the very
soft feel. They are tightly twisted and
texture headset for medium durability. They
also offer a multi colored look that will
hide tracks and footprints.
Plush/velvet
Both plush and velvet are lightly twisted and
offer a uniform color. They are very soft
and offer more level than textures. This type
of carpet is ideal for formal areas due to
it's luxurious appearance.
Frieze
Frieze is a highly twisted cut pile type of
carpet that is suited for high traffic areas.
It has short fibers that will tend to curl
in different directions at the surface to
hide footprints and vacuum marks.
Level loop pile
The level loop pile is constructed by weaving
even loops of yarn into carpet backing at both
ends. This type of carpet is durable as
well as track resistant, due to the strong
loops. Higher loops in the carpet will create
a more luxurious look. They are also great
because they will prevent dirt from filtering
on into the carpet. Dry Foam Carpet Cleaning
The dry foam procedure is mostly rather than dry as
the name infers, although the content of moisture
is so low that it can actually be referred to as dry
foam (90% air - 10% liquid). The dry foam machine
is equipped with a pressure tank, which you will
pour a solution of water and shampoo into.
A compressor will work to convert the solution into
foam which is then dispensed all over the carpet
using a revolving cylindrical brush. The brush will
work to comb the foam through the piles of the
carpet so that each individual fiber of the carpet
is cleaned.
To achieve success, you must make sure that the
bubbles being produced are of uniformed size so the
foam can complete the cleaning process before it
is dispersed. Once it has dried, the carpet is
then thoroughly vacuumed to remove the dried crystals
of dirt that have been left behind.
Below, are the steps to the dry foam procedure:
1. First of all, vacuum the carpet and
remove all the stains that you possibly can.
2. Mix the dry foam solution according to
the directions of the manufacturer.
3. Shampoo the carpet then once it has dried,
vacuum the carpet.
4. Depending on the type of carpet you
have, groom the pile to speed the drying process.
5. Complete the work by using a furniture
leg pad or block to eliminate furniture stains
or rust.
Advantages
The process of dry foam cleaning is capable of
covering a lot of area in a very short amount of
time. There isn't really any danger involved in
saturating the carpet simply because the moisture
content is low. This will also help you to
minimize the problems that are commonly associated
with over wetting.
Disadvantages
The dry foam method is capable of removing average
levels of soil. There is however a possibility of
excessive residue and soil build up if the machine
you are using has inadequate extraction capabilities.
Dry foam is the ideal method of choice if you have
older carpet if you want to get your carpet as clean
as possible. You can rent a machine at your local
department or carpet store if you don't think you'll
use it enough to buy it. They don't cost that
much to rent, which is great for those who just
want to give it a shot and see what happens.
Dry foam carpet cleaning isn't that hard to do,
as you'll be fine even if you have no experience
with these types of machines. The above information
will help you greatly, and if you follow it, you
shouldn't have any problems. Dry foam can make a
carpet look spectacular, as long as you follow
the manufacturers directions on mixing the dry
foam solution. Once you've finished cleaning your
carpet with dry foam, you'll probably find yourself
falling in love with the results.
| Synthetic Fiber Carpet
The fiber nylon was introduced first by the DuPont
Chemical Company in 1938. Several years later, after
a great deal of development, nylon became the first
synthetic fiber to be used in the entire carpeting
industry.
The first 3 generations of fiber experienced many
problems with the worst being staining. The 4th
generation fiber of nylon had a mill applied coating
that solved a majority of the staining problems. The
ability of the fiber to repel water and oil based
spills as well as soil helped to propel nylon into
the top selling carpet fibers out there.
After several other changes, the DuPont company
introduced the fifth generation nylon fiber. This
stain resistant fiber would repel most dye stains
if treated in a reasonable time. This fiber is
more accurately called an acid dye blocker in that
it doesn't allow acid dyes to penetrate and stain
the fiber.
The protective coating mill is applied and fills the
dye sites with anionic molecules.
Tip
An easy way to test fiber for the presence of a
fluorochemical is to cut a couple of fibers from a
non traffic area and apply a few drops of oil and
water mixture. If it beads up, then there is an
active fluorochemical present.
Whenever testing for the presence of the acid dye
blocker, you should again cut a couple of fibers
from a non traffic area, then immerse the fibers
in a red kool-aid mixture and wait for 5 minutes
or so. Remove the fiber from the liquid and
flush with neutral detergent solution. If the
acid blockers are present and active, there will
be no discoloration.
Polyester
The fiber of polyester was first introduced into
the garment industry around in the 1950s. By the
late 1960s, polyester was introduced into the
carpet industry as a face yarn. In hand, feel,
and appearance it is similar to nylon, although
it doesn't possess that same resiliency.
Polyester doesn't absorb water based spills, isn't
affected by urine or kool-aid, but it will
absorb oil based spills. Polyester is non allergenic
and mildew resistant.
Acrylic/modacrylic
Both of these fibers were first used as carpet
yarns around the late 1940s. They disappeared
around 1988 due to the competition from other fibers.
In was reintroduced to the market around 1990
in Berber styling.
This was done so that people could take advantage
of the wool like appearance, hand feel, and the
fact that its more spot resistant, much easier to
clean, and not damaged in the ways that wool is.
Olefin
Olefin is the latest of the synthetic fibers to
be adopted to carpets. Once only available in
continous filament, it is now produced in staple
form as well. Olefin has a wide variety of uses
that include primary and secondary backing of
tufted carpets, warp yarns, and other uses as well. Choosing The Right Carpet Cleaner
Choosing an effective carpet cleaner is easier said
than done. There are many carpet cleaning companies
out there, each one claiming to be the best. With
each one claiming to be the best, it can be very
hard deciding which one is the best for you. If
follow the tips below, you'll have no problems finding
your ideal carpet cleaner.
First of all, you should know what your choices are
in cleaning methods and you should also know which
one is the one you'll want to choose, as there are
several available to choose from. A dry extraction
type of cleaning will use a compound that contains
detergents what will free stains and dirt which will
then allow them to be vacuumed up.
Dry foam on the other hand may be used by applying
foam to the carpet and then vacuuming it up with a
wet vacuum. You can also choose a vacuum that uses
stronger chemicals and a stronger suction to get
dirt up. For your needs, you should choose the
vacuum accordingly.
Once you know your options, talk to family and
friends for their recommendations. There are several
places on the internet that offer reviews for
local as well as nationwide carpet cleaners.
You can also get estimates as well. Find out
what the professionals charge and what is considered
to be extra. You should also find out what
chemicals are going to be used, how long the
process will take, and whether or not they plan to
move any furniture.
You'll want to make sure that chemicals used are
going to be safe for you, your children, and
also your pets. If you are using a professional
company, you'll want to let them know what type of
carpet you have. If you don't let them know and
you have a type of carpet that will shrink or
change color during cleaning, you'll probably be
in trouble.
Probably the most important thing, is to know who
is coming to your home. You should always make
sure that you know the history of the carpet
cleaner as well as inquire if background checks
are performed by the company. These steps will
help to keep you and those you love safe.
Follow the above tips, and you'll have no problems
with finding the right carpet cleaner. There are
many types to choose from, as well as professional
cleaning companies.
If you are considering whether or not to use a
professional carpet cleaner, you should consider
the alternatives as well. First, spot removal
isn't the only necessary carpet cleaning that you
need to do, nor is the vacuuming.
Even home carpet cleaning machines won't do as
good of a job as a pro can do. When you use these
types of carpet cleaners, you can help to preserve
your carpeting for years and years to come.
Last, professional cleaning can help many people
who have allergies to feel better once they have
clean carpet. If you have allergies, a professional
cleaning may be the ideal way to solve just about
all of your carpet problems.
In a nutshell, it makes the most sense to have your
carpet professionally cleaned. It doesn't really
cost a lot of money, yet it will give you the
peace of mind in knowing that your carpet is very
clean.
If you've been looking to clean your carpet or
have it cleaned, professional is without a doubt
the way to go. You don't have to bother with it
yourself, yet you'll know that your carpet is going
to be cleaned right - by someone who knows exactly
what they are doing | Steam Carpet Cleaning
The process of steam cleaning your carpet involves
hot water being fed to a spray extraction tool or
wand, coupled to a pump vacuum power unit. The
cleaning solution is injected under pressure deep
into the carpet through water jet nozzles.
The water will then penetrate the fiber all the way
down to the backing. This action will loosen any
embedded soil, remove oil and grease deposits, and
get your carpet cleaner than it has ever been.
There are many types and makes of steam carpet
cleaners available on the market, ranging from small
portables to the large and very powerful truck
mounted units. The principle is the same no matter
what model you pick.
The models that are truck mounted are designed so
that only the hose and the wand are taken into the
area being cleaned. These units are very powerful,
delivering hot water and generating a high vacuum
recovery that can be powered by diesel fuel, gas,
propane, or even by the motor of the truck.
Most carpet manufacturers, fiber producers, and
professional cleaners endorse this process for
achieving soil removal efficiency. With the present
state of art equipment and technology, we are more
than capable of high production and cleaning of
carpet.
The real disadvantage to steam carpet cleaning are
the problems that are associated with over wetting
and longer drying times. These can be eliminated
however, by a skilled operator who uses equipment
that is well maintained and in good overall
operating condition.
Currently, there are two methods being used with
steam carpet cleaning.
1. This method involves a traffic
lane cleaner being sprayed onto the traffic lanes
and then agitated into the fibers. The entire
area is then cleaned by using a hot water extractor
that has a cleaning solution being injected into
the fibers through the wand.
2. The second method involves a free
rinse emulsifying pre-spray being sprayed onto the
entire carpet, then agitated into the fibers.
Steam cleaning procedures
1. Prepare the equipment and supplies. In
a pump or power sprayer you should mix the free
rinsing pre-spray. In the solution tank of the
extractor, mix the rinsing agent.
2. If you have a lot of furniture to move,
make yourself a floor plan.
3. If the area being cleaned has furniture,
you should remove as much as possible.
4. Thoroughly vacuum the carpet. If the
pile is crushed or matted, use a pile brush to
loosen the soils which will make vacuuming more
effective.
5. Pre-spray a good amount of the pre-spray.
6. Using a grooming tool, agitate the pre
spray deep into the fibers then let it sit for 10 -
15 minutes, making sure that it doesn't dry out.
7. Extract the area using a portable, truck
mounted, or automatic carpet cleaner.
8. Repeat steps 5 through 7 until the
entire area has been cleaned.
9. Groom the cleaned area, replace all
furniture that was removed, then clean all equipment
that you used. How Carpet Is Made
The carpet that is made today is a mix of old world
craftsmanship and a touch of 21st century innovation.
By combining the two, carpet is able to become the
household feature that we all know and love - and
get tired of cleaning.
Carpet can be manufactured in one of two ways;
weaving or tufting. Carpets that are woven are
primarily wool and are very durable, and very
expensive as well. The woven carpet types can be
hand produced, as it has been for centuries, or by
machine. No matter what method is chosen, the same
procedures are followed.
The yarn for the carpet is woven through or around
vertical fibers known as warps, and then locked
into place with horizontal strands known as wefts.
The woven carpets can utilize a variety of colors
as well to create intricate patterns in the
highest quality of carpets.
Tufting machines can also be utilized as well, as
they use computers to determine the patterns, styles,
construction, and density. No longer does someone
have to do everything by hand or mentally, as the
tufting machines will take all of the guesswork out
and make things easy on the operator.
Once the fibers have been locked into place, the
carpet is dyed using a variety of methods that
will create patterns or effects. For cut pile
carpets, the final stage is stretched,
cutting the pile loops. This is an important
stage, as it will determine the softness and
feel of the carpet.
The carpet will also receive a secondary stretch
backing as well to give it stability and allow
it to be stretched during the installation
process. Most of the carpets of this day and
age will receive stain protection as well, which
happens during the manufacturing phase.
The way that a carpet is made will greatly affect
how the carpet is installed. In the past, the
creation of carpet was a very complicated
process, as there were no computers or technology
to do most of the work. Back then, it was all
done by hand. The carpets were great, although
there wasn't any colors or textures that we
have to choose from today.
The carpet manufacturers of today have a lot of
technology at their disposal, which makes life
at the plants easy. Operators can watch and
operate machines to do a lot of the work, which
makes their job a lot easier.
The continuous fibers found with carpet are heat
set and twisted at the mill to give a tightly
twisted product that is commonly found with
frieze carpets. This type of yarn is less
bulky although it will hold its shape for a long
period of time, which is great for those who
don't like to replace their carpet every couple
of years.
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